Month: August 2025

A rather failed attempt to have AI render an image where four matches are arranged in the form of the hashtag (pound) symbol.,

A deep dive into hash tables, part 2

In part 1 of this series, I laid the foundation to explore the structure of the hash table, as used by the Hash Match operator, by alleging and then proving that a Hash Match (Left Outer Join) returns unmatched rows from the build input in the order in which they are stored in the hash table. This means that we can create queries on carefully curated data to gain insight in the structure of that hash table. It is now time to use that trick to actually start to explore the hash table. But not without also looking at available…

A deep dive into hash tables, part 1

We all know the Hash Match operator. It joins or aggregates data, based on a hash table. That hash table is ideally stored in memory. But if the granted memory is insufficient, then Hash Match will spill to tempdb, which is slow. I assume that every reader of this blog knows this already. But what you probably don’t know is how that hash table is structured. How is the data stored? Where are new rows added, how is the table accessed? To be fair, none of this is useful knowledge, unless you work for the engine team at Microsoft. And…

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